• Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment – Multidimensional evaluation of medical, functional, cognitive and social needs to create personalised care plans.
• Chronic Disease Management – Integrated care for diabetes, hypertension, heart disease, COPD and multi-morbidity in older adults.
• Falls Prevention & Mobility Programs – Balance training, physiotherapy and home-safety planning to reduce fall risk and preserve independence.
• Women’s Health Services – Routine and preventive care including cervical screening, breast health, contraception counselling and menopausal management.
• Bone Health & Osteoporosis Care – Diagnosis, medical management and fracture risk reduction strategies.
• Reproductive & Menopausal Care – Hormone management, pelvic health, and minimally invasive gynaecologic treatments.
• Geriatric Psychiatry & Cognitive Care – Assessment and treatment for dementia, depression and anxiety in older adults.
• Palliative & End-of-Life Support – Symptom control, advanced care planning and compassionate family support.

Key Concerns in Older Adults:

• Memory loss, confusion or changes in behaviour
• Reduced mobility, muscle weakness or recurrent falls
• Chronic pain, fatigue or poor appetite
• Multiple chronic conditions requiring polypharmacy management

Key Concerns in Women:

• Irregular periods, heavy bleeding or pelvic pain
• Breast lumps, nipple discharge, or changes on screening
• Menopausal symptoms: hot flashes, sleep disturbance, mood changes
• Urinary incontinence or pelvic floor dysfunction

Underlying Causes:

• Age-related physiological changes and chronic disease progression
• Hormonal fluctuations, reproductive tract conditions, and obstetric history
• Nutrition deficits, mobility limitations and social determinants of health
• Polypharmacy, medication side effects and drug interactions

• Regular health screening and vaccination appropriate to age and risk
• Individualised exercise, nutrition and fall-prevention plans
• Medication review and rationalisation to minimise adverse effects
• Breast and cervical cancer screening, family planning and menopausal counselling
• Integrated multidisciplinary care with physiotherapy, nutrition, mental health and social support

• Advanced Cardiac Evaluation – ECG, 2D/3D Echocardiography, Stress Testing (TMT), Holter & ambulatory BP monitoring for accurate cardiac assessment.
• Pulmonary Function & Imaging – Spirometry, DLCO, chest X-ray and CT chest for thorough lung evaluation.
• Medical Management – Evidence-based therapy for heart failure, coronary artery disease, COPD, asthma, pulmonary hypertension and arrhythmias.
• Interventional & Procedural Care – Percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI), bronchoscopy, pleural procedures and device therapies in coordination with cardiothoracic teams.
• Cardio-Pulmonary Rehabilitation – Structured rehab programs including exercise prescription, breathing retraining, nutritional and psychosocial support.

Common Symptoms:

• Chest pain, pressure or tightness
• Shortness of breath, wheeze or persistent cough
• Palpitations, dizziness or fainting spells
• Excessive fatigue, reduced exercise tolerance or swollen ankles

Common Causes:

• Coronary artery disease, hypertension and heart failure
• Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma
• Pulmonary infections, pulmonary embolism and interstitial lung disease
• Smoking, obesity, sedentary lifestyle and metabolic disorders

• Adopt heart-healthy lifestyle: smoking cessation, balanced diet, weight management and regular exercise
• Control risk factors: optimal management of diabetes, hypertension and dyslipidaemia
• Pulmonary hygiene: vaccination, avoidance of pollutants, and early treatment of respiratory infections
• Enroll in supervised cardio-pulmonary rehabilitation for recovery after cardiac events or chronic lung disease
• Regular follow-up with multidisciplinary team for long-term symptom control and quality-of-life improvement

• Comprehensive Neurological Assessment – Detailed evaluation to identify the type and severity of nerve or muscle disorder for targeted therapy.
• Neurophysiotherapy – Focused exercises to improve motor control, strength, and coordination in conditions like neuropathy or myopathy.
• Electrotherapy & Stimulation – Nerve and muscle stimulation techniques to enhance function and reduce weakness or spasticity.
• Occupational & Functional Rehabilitation – Adaptive training to restore independence in daily activities and mobility.
• Speech & Swallow Therapy – Specialized intervention for patients with neuromuscular involvement affecting speech or swallowing.
• Long-Term Care Programs – Continuous monitoring and customized exercises for chronic and progressive neuromuscular disorders.

Common Symptoms:

• Progressive muscle weakness or fatigue
• Numbness, tingling, or loss of sensation in limbs
• Difficulty walking, gripping, or performing coordinated movements
• Muscle cramps, twitching, or stiffness
• Trouble swallowing, speaking, or breathing in severe cases

Common Causes:

• Genetic or inherited neuromuscular conditions (e.g. muscular dystrophy)
• Autoimmune disorders like myasthenia gravis or Guillain-Barré syndrome
• Nerve compression or injury causing neuropathy
• Infections, metabolic imbalances, or toxin exposure affecting muscle and nerve function

• Early detection and intervention to preserve muscle strength and mobility
• Regular physiotherapy sessions to improve endurance and prevent contractures
• Assistive devices and mobility aids to maintain independence
• Balanced nutrition and lifestyle adjustments to support neuromuscular health
• Ongoing specialist follow-up and multidisciplinary management for chronic cases

• Orthopaedic Rehabilitation – Recovery programs after joint replacements, spine, fracture fixation, and ligament surgeries to restore full mobility and strength.
• Cardiac & Thoracic Rehabilitation – Guided exercise and respiratory training post heart or chest surgery for safe and steady functional recovery.
• Neurorehabilitation – Focused therapy after brain or spine surgery to regain balance, coordination, and motor control.
• Abdominal & Pelvic Surgery Recovery – Gentle mobility and core-strengthening exercises to improve posture and prevent post-surgical stiffness.
• Pain Management & Electrotherapy – Advanced pain control methods like TENS, ultrasound, and cryotherapy for smooth recovery.
• Scar & Soft Tissue Mobilization – Techniques to reduce adhesions and improve tissue flexibility post-surgery.

Typical Symptoms:

• Pain, swelling, and stiffness in the operated area
• Reduced strength, flexibility, or range of motion
• Difficulty walking, climbing stairs, or performing routine tasks
• Fatigue, loss of endurance, or delayed wound healing

Underlying Causes:

• Postoperative immobilization leading to muscle weakness
• Pain and inflammation restricting mobility and daily activity
• Poor posture or fear of movement slowing functional recovery
• Inadequate physiotherapy follow-up after discharge

• Start early physiotherapy under expert supervision to prevent stiffness and contractures
• Perform guided breathing and mobility exercises to enhance blood flow and oxygenation
• Follow pain management and posture correction techniques for comfort and safety
• Adopt a nutritious diet rich in protein, calcium, and vitamins to promote healing
• Regular follow-up with rehabilitation specialists to track progress and prevent recurrence